How To Install Drupal On Debian 13

How to Install Drupal on Debian 13

Drupal is a powerful, flexible, and open-source Content Management System (CMS) used to build and manage websites. It’s supported by a large global community and is ideal for personal blogs, corporate websites, and more.

Update the system.

apt update -y 
apt upgrade -y

Install sudo if not already installed.

apt install sudo

Output:

root@Debian13Server:~# apt install sudo
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
  linux-image-6.12.33+deb13-amd64
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove it.

Installing:
  sudo

Summary:
  Upgrading: 0, Installing: 1, Removing: 0, Not Upgrading: 0
  Download size: 2,087 kB
  Space needed: 6,865 kB / 18.5 GB available

NOTE: sudo allows users to run commands with elevated privileges. It's recommended for non-root users.

Install LAMP Stack (Apache + MariaDB + PHP 8.4)

sudo apt install -y apache2 mariadb-server mariadb-client \
php php-cli php-fpm php-common php-mysql \
php-zip php-gd php-intl php-mbstring php-curl \
php-xml php-pear php-tidy php-soap php-bcmath php-xmlrpc libapache2-mod-php

Output:

root@Debian13Server:~# sudo apt install -y apache2 mariadb-server mariadb-client php php-cli php-fpm php-common php-mysql php-zip php-gd php-intl php-mbstring php-curl php-xml php-pear php-tidy php-soap php-bcmath php-xmlrpc libapache2-mod-php
Installing:                     
  apache2             mariadb-server  php-cli     php-fpm   php-mbstring  php-soap  php-xmlrpc
  libapache2-mod-php  php             php-common  php-gd    php-mysql     php-tidy  php-zip
  mariadb-client      php-bcmath      php-curl    php-intl  php-pear      php-xml

Installing dependencies:
  apache2-bin              libfcgi0t64                 libnghttp3-9                   mariadb-plugin-provider-lzma
  apache2-data             libfontconfig1              libonig5                       mariadb-plugin-provider-lzo
  apache2-utils            libgav1-1                   libpcre2-posix3                mariadb-plugin-provider-snappy
  fontconfig-config        libgd3                      librav1e0.7                    mariadb-server-core
  fonts-dejavu-core        libgomp1                    librtmp1                       mysql-common
  fonts-dejavu-mono        libheif-plugin-aomenc       libsasl2-2                     php8.4
  galera-4                 libheif-plugin-dav1d        libsasl2-modules               php8.4-bcmath
  libabsl20240722          libheif-plugin-libde265     libsasl2-modules-db            php8.4-cli
  libaom3                  libheif-plugin-x265         libsharpyuv0                   php8.4-common
  libapache2-mod-php8.4    libheif1                    libsnappy1v5                   php8.4-curl
  libapr1t64               libhtml-parser-perl         libsodium23                    php8.4-fpm
  libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3  libhtml-tagset-perl         libssh2-1t64                   php8.4-gd
  libaprutil1-ldap         libhtml-template-perl       libsvtav1enc2                  php8.4-intl
  libaprutil1t64           libhttp-date-perl           libterm-readkey-perl           php8.4-mbstring
  libargon2-1              libhttp-message-perl        libtidy58                      php8.4-mysql
  libavif16                libicu76                    libtiff6                       php8.4-opcache
  libcgi-fast-perl         libimagequant0              libtimedate-perl               php8.4-readline
  libcgi-pm-perl           libio-compress-brotli-perl  liburi-perl                    php8.4-soap
  libclone-perl            libio-html-perl             libwebp7                       php8.4-tidy
  libconfig-inifiles-perl  libjbig0                    libx265-215                    php8.4-xml
  libcurl4t64              libjpeg62-turbo             libxmlrpc-epi0t64              php8.4-xmlrpc
  libdav1d7                libldap-common              libxpm4                        php8.4-zip
  libdbd-mariadb-perl      libldap2                    libxslt1.1                     pv
  libdbi-perl              liblerc4                    libyuv0                        rsync
  libde265-0               liblua5.4-0                 libzip5                        socat
  libdeflate0              liblwp-mediatypes-perl      mariadb-client-core            ssl-cert
  libencode-locale-perl    liblzo2-2                   mariadb-common
  libfcgi-bin              libmariadb3                 mariadb-plugin-provider-bzip2
  libfcgi-perl             libncurses6                 mariadb-plugin-provider-lz4

Suggested packages:
  apache2-doc              libgd-tools               libheif-plugin-svtenc              libbusiness-isbn-perl
  apache2-suexec-pristine  libheif-plugin-ffmpegdec  libdata-dump-perl                  libmime-base32-perl
  | apache2-suexec-custom  libheif-plugin-jpegdec    libipc-sharedcache-perl            libregexp-ipv6-perl
  ufw                      libheif-plugin-jpegenc    libsasl2-modules-gssapi-mit        libwww-perl
  www-browser              libheif-plugin-j2kdec     | libsasl2-modules-gssapi-heimdal  mailx
  libmldbm-perl            libheif-plugin-j2kenc     libsasl2-modules-ldap              mariadb-test
  libnet-daemon-perl       libheif-plugin-kvazaar    libsasl2-modules-otp               doc-base
  libsql-statement-perl    libheif-plugin-rav1e      libsasl2-modules-sql               python3-braceexpand

Create Drupal Database and User

mysql -u root -p

Then in the MariaDB prompt,

CREATE DATABASE drupal CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;
CREATE USER 'drupal'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'YourStrongPassword';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON drupal.* TO 'drupal'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;

Note: Replace YourStrongPassword with actual StrongPassword

mysql -u root -p

Download and Extract Drupal

wget https://www.drupal.org/download-latest/tar.gz -O drupal.tar.gz
tar -xvf drupal.tar.gz
mv drupal-*/ /var/www/html/drupal

Set correct permissions:

chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/drupal
chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/drupal

Enable Apache Modules & Configure Drupal Virtual Host

Create virtual host config:

vi /etc/apache2/sites-available/drupal.conf

Paste the following configuration (replace domain):

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName dev.domainhere.info
    ServerAlias www.dev.domainhere.info
    ServerAdmin admin@dev.domainhere.info
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html/drupal/

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

    <Directory /var/www/html/drupal>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride All
        Require all granted
        RewriteEngine on
        RewriteBase /
        RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
        RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
        RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?q=$1 [L,QSA]
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

Enable modules and site config:

a2dismod mpm_event
a2enmod mpm_prefork
a2enmod php
a2enmod rewrite
a2ensite drupal.conf
apachectl -t
systemctl restart apache2

Output:

root@Debian13Server:~# a2dismod mpm_event
a2enmod mpm_prefork
a2enmod php
a2enmod rewrite
a2ensite drupal.conf
apachectl -t
systemctl restart apache2
Module mpm_event already disabled
Considering conflict mpm_event for mpm_prefork:
Considering conflict mpm_worker for mpm_prefork:
Module mpm_prefork already enabled
ERROR: Module php does not exist!
Enabling module rewrite.
To activate the new configuration, you need to run:
  systemctl restart apache2
Enabling site drupal.
To activate the new configuration, you need to run:
  systemctl reload apache2
AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
Syntax OK