How To Install Drupal With LEMP On CentOS Stream 10

How to Install LEMP Stack (Nginx, MariaDB, PHP 8) and Drupal on CentOS Stream 10

Drupal is a powerful, open-source content management system (CMS) used to build and manage websites, blogs, and web applications. It is known for its flexibility, scalability, and security. Written in PHP, Drupal provides a wide range of modules and themes, allowing users to customize functionality and design. It is commonly used for enterprise-level websites, government portals, and community-driven platforms.

Update the System

Update the system packages,

dnf update -y 

dnf upgrade -y

Install Nginx Web Server

Run the following command to install Nginx:

yum install nginx -y

Once the installation is complete, enable and start Nginx:

systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx
systemctl status nginx

Allow HTTP and HTTPS traffic through the firewall:

firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=https
firewall-cmd --reload

Change the ownership of the web directory to Nginx:

chown nginx:nginx /usr/share/nginx/html -R

Verify that Nginx is running by opening your server's IP address in a web browser:

http://IP_address

Install MariaDB Server

Install MariaDB with:

yum install mariadb-server mariadb -y

Enable and start MariaDB:

systemctl start mariadb
systemctl enable mariadb
systemctl status mariadb

Secure MariaDB:

mysql_secure_installation

Verify the installation:

mysql -e "SHOW DATABASES;" -p

Install PHP

Install PHP and necessary modules:

yum install php php-mysqlnd php-fpm php-opcache php-gd php-xml php-mbstring -y

Enable and start PHP-FPM:

systemctl start php-fpm
systemctl enable php-fpm
systemctl status php-fpm

Modify the PHP-FPM configuration to use the Nginx user:

vi /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

Change:

user = apache
group = apache

To:

user = nginx
group = nginx

Restart PHP-FPM:

systemctl reload php-fpm

Install Drupal

Install Wget and Developer Tools

yum groupinstall "Development tools"
yum install wget

Download and Extract Drupal

cd /var/www/html
wget https://ftp.drupal.org/files/projects/drupal-10.0.0.tar.gz
ls
tar xvzf drupal-10.0.0.tar.gz
rm -v drupal-10.0.0.tar.gz
mv drupal-10.0.0 drupal

Set Permissions

mkdir /var/www/html/drupal/sites/default/files
cp /var/www/html/drupal/sites/default/default.settings.php /var/www/html/drupal/sites/default/settings.php
chown -R nginx:nginx /var/www/html/drupal/
chmod -Rf 775 /var/www/html/drupal/sites/
chmod -Rf 777 /var/www/html/drupal/sites/files
chcon -R -t httpd_sys_content_rw_t /var/www/html/drupal/sites/

Configure Nginx for Drupal

Create PHP-FPM Configuration for Drupal

vi /etc/php-fpm.d/drupal.conf

Add:

[drupal]
user = nginx
group = nginx
listen.owner = nginx
listen.group = nginx
listen = /run/php-fpm/drupal.sock
pm = ondemand
pm.max_children = 50
pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s
pm.max_requests = 500
chdir = /

Create Nginx Virtual Host Configuration

vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/drupal.conf

Add:

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name yourdomain.com;
    root /var/www/html/drupal;

    location / {
        try_files $uri /index.php?$query_string;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(|/.*)$;
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php-fpm/drupal.sock;
    }
}

Restart services:

systemctl restart php-fpm
systemctl restart nginx

Configure SELinux and Firewall

semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t "/var/www/html/drupal(/.*)?"
semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/var/www/html/drupal/sites/default/settings.php'
semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t '/var/www/html/drupal/sites/default/files'
restorecon -Rv /var/www/html/drupal
setsebool -P httpd_can_sendmail on

Enable firewall rules:

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=https
firewall-cmd --reload

Configure the Drupal Database

mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE drupal;
CREATE USER 'drupaluser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON drupal.* TO 'drupaluser'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit